New York City has long been infamous for its rat population, with stories of subway rodents, pizza-carrying rats, and increasing infestations making headlines. But did you know that not all rats in NYC are the same? The two most common types of rats found in the city are Norway rats and roof rats, and while they share some similarities, they have distinct characteristics, behaviors, and habits.
If you’ve noticed signs of a rat problem in your home or business, understanding which type you’re dealing with can make all the difference when it comes to controlling an infestation. Here’s how to tell the difference between Norway rats and roof rats—and what you should do if you find either one in your space.
Norway Rats: The Dominant Rodents of NYC
What Do Norway Rats Look Like?
Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus), also known as brown rats or sewer rats, are the most common rats found in New York City. They are stocky and larger than their roof rat counterparts, with:
✔️ A body length of 7 to 9.5 inches
✔️ A thick, heavy body covered in brown or grayish fur
✔️ A blunt nose and small eyes
✔️ A shorter tail (shorter than their body length)
These rats are built for digging and burrowing, making them more commonly found at ground level or below.
Where Do Norway Rats Live?
Norway rats prefer to stay close to the ground and are excellent diggers. You’ll often find them:
- Burrowing in dirt, under buildings, or near foundations
- Nestled in basements, sewers, and subway tunnels
- Scavenging through garbage cans and alleyways
Since they thrive in damp, low-lying areas, Norway rats are often seen near water sources like sewers, storm drains, and even standing puddles.
Behavior and Diet
Norway rats are scavengers and will eat almost anything, including garbage, pet food, grains, and even other small animals. They tend to be more aggressive and territorial, which is why they dominate NYC’s rat population. If you hear loud squeaking, fighting, or scratching in walls and basements, you’re likely dealing with Norway rats.
Roof Rats: The Sneaky Climbers
What Do Roof Rats Look Like?
Roof rats (Rattus rattus), also known as black rats or ship rats, are less common in New York but still exist, especially in taller buildings. These rats are smaller and sleeker, with:
✔️ A body length of 6 to 8 inches
✔️ Slender, lightweight bodies covered in dark brown or black fur
✔️ Large ears and pointed noses
✔️ A long tail (longer than their body length)
Unlike the burrowing Norway rats, roof rats are expert climbers, which is a key way to tell them apart.
Where Do Roof Rats Live?
Roof rats prefer high places rather than underground spaces. You’ll often find them:
- Nesting in attics, ceilings, and upper floors
- Climbing along power lines, fences, or trees
- Living inside walls and rafters of buildings
These rats tend to infest warmer, coastal areas but can still be found in NYC—especially in high-rise apartments and buildings near the water.
Behavior and Diet
Roof rats are more cautious and tend to avoid confrontation, which can make them harder to detect. They prefer seeds, nuts, fruits, and vegetables over garbage but will still scavenge if necessary. Since they live above ground, you may hear them scurrying in ceilings or along rooftops.
Norway Rats vs. Roof Rats: Key Differences
| Feature | Norway Rats 🐀 | Roof Rats 🏗️ |
| Size | Larger, stocky | Smaller, slender |
| Tail | Shorter than body | Longer than body |
| Nose & Ears | Blunt nose, small ears | Pointed nose, large ears |
| Color | Brown or grayish | Black or dark brown |
| Habitat | Burrows underground, basements, sewers | Climbs rooftops, attics, walls |
| Diet | Eats almost anything | Prefers grains, fruits, and seeds |
How to Know Which Rat Is in Your Home
If you’re dealing with a rat problem, these clues can help you identify the culprit:
- Seeing rats in your basement or near trash? 🡪 Likely Norway rats
- Hearing scurrying in your attic or ceiling? 🡪 Likely roof rats
- Finding burrows outside your building? 🡪 Likely Norway rats
- Spotting droppings in higher places? 🡪 Likely roof rats
Both types of rats are dangerous as they spread diseases, chew through wires and insulation, and contaminate food. If you suspect an infestation, it’s best to act fast.
How to Get Rid of Rats in NYC
Whether you’re dealing with Norway rats or roof rats, here’s what you should do:
✔️ Eliminate food sources – Store food in sealed containers, clean up crumbs, and secure garbage.
✔️ Seal entry points – Close cracks, holes, and gaps in walls, vents, and windows.
✔️ Declutter your space – Remove piles of wood, debris, or unused materials where rats can hide.
✔️ Use traps wisely – Place traps along rat runways (near walls, dark spaces, and where droppings are found).
✔️ Call a professional – DIY methods can help, but a licensed NYC pest control expert ensures complete rat removal.
Final Thoughts
While Norway rats dominate New York’s streets and basements, roof rats still lurk in attics and high-rise buildings. Knowing which type of rat is in your home can help you take the right steps to get rid of them. If you suspect an infestation, don’t wait—contact a pest control professional to protect your home and health.
Need help? Our pest control in new york specializes in eliminating rats quickly and effectively. Call us today for a free inspection! 🏙️🐀
